109 年度港口溪水質及生態資源調查計畫

一、計畫緣起
港口溪為墾丁國家公園內最長且流域最廣泛的溪流，由於人為
干擾低，再加上棲地多樣，所孕育的物種數量也較為豐富。因此，瞭
解港口溪主流及支流棲地環境及生態資源現況為本計畫重要的目的。
並期待計畫之成果，可作為後續管理處對該溪流淡水生態保育工作
之參考與依據。
二、研究方法與過程
計畫主要工作項目為港口溪主流及其支流(吧沙加魯溪、欖仁溪、
加都魯溪、林祿溪、白沙彌溪及良鑾溪)，共9 個樣點之水質檢測與
水域生態等工作。並以本年度調查所獲得成果與以往文獻進行進行
分析與探討，並提出未來經營管理建議。
三、重要發現
港口溪水質調查結果顯示，主流及支流皆以未(稍)受污染狀況為
主。枯水期時，支流如良鑾溪及白沙彌溪受到乾季枯水期的影響，
導致水體呈現靜止的狀態，再加上有機物質長時間的累積，該區域
水質狀態會較港口溪主流來得差。港口溪流域9 個測站共調查到79
科173 種水生生物、浮游藻類67 種及附著藻類62 種，水生生物包
括魚類及其他脊椎動物共17 科37 種，蝦蟹類共5 科31 種，螺貝類
9 科15 種，水棲昆蟲共44 科85 種，環節動物及其他無脊椎生物共
4 科5 種。調查物種中包括，臺灣特有種16 種及外來種12 種，並
未發現保育類物種，但是於港口溪中游段發現粗鋤蛇鰻屬
(Lamnostoma)的新種。綜合調查結果顯示，港口溪棲地尚屬完整，水
生生物種類豐富，目前並無發現明顯污染物進入。水生生物組成除
了受感潮河段的影響外，也明顯受到乾季枯水期的影響。由於該流
域中大多物種對於水質污染及工程擾動均較敏感，因此，維護溪流
水質及棲地天然度為港口溪流域爾後重要的管理方向。
四、經營管理建議事項
針對水質與水生生物資料整合分析後提出五項經營管理建議事
項。其中，包括四項立即可行性建議及一項中長期建議。立即可行性
建議包括「工程進行時，應減少工程行為造成的棲地干擾」、「監測
外來水體污染物質進入港口溪，防止水質惡化」、「監測外來種種類
及數量，同時加強外來種環境教育宣導工作」及「減少人為遊憩及採
捕所造成的干擾」；中長期建議則包括「未知物種的發掘及研究」等
建議。

計畫類別：[環境水文]

英文摘要：[Introduction] Gangkou River, the longest river with the largest drainage
basin in Kenting National Park, has high aquatic biodiversity because of
its low human disturbance and diverse habitats. The goal this study is to
record the environmental characteristics and document the natural
resources along the main stream and its tributaries. The results of this study
will set the ground work for the management and the ecological
conservation of this river.
[Materials and Methods] In this study, the major items to work on are
water quality analysis (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity,
conductivity, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand,
ammonia nitrogen and chlorophyll) and aquatic biodiversity survey (fish,
crustaceans, molluses, aquatic insect and annelid) in 9 sampling areas
along the main stream and its tributaries, including Bashajiaru River,
Lanren River, Jiaduru River, Linlu River, Baishami River, and Liangluan
River. The resultwill be analyzed and explored, and compared with the
previous data recorded in the literature, and suggestions will be made for
the future management on this river.
[Results and Discussion] Four surveys had been conducted during12-
month period lasting from Jan. to Dec., 2020. The following is what were
found there in these surveys:good water quality with little to none water
pollution are identified in the main stream and its tributaries, according to
the water parameter standard of River Pollution Index (RPI) During the dry
season, however, because of low water level and organic matter
accumulation, the water quality in the tributaries,such as Liangluan River
and Baishami River, is not as good as the main stream. The investigations
摘要
X
conducted at the 9 sampling points recorded 173 species in 79 families of
aquatic life . The aquatic life includes 37 species in 17 families of fishes,
31 species in 5 families of crustacean, 15 species in 9 families of mollusk,
85 species in 44 families of aquatic insects, 5 species in 4 families of
annelids, 67 species of planktonic algae and 62 species of periphyton.
Among all recorded species above, there are 16 endemic species and 12
invasive species. No protected species was found but a new species, which
is belong to the genus Lamnosoma. The investigations show that Gangkou
River is still an pristine habitat with rich variety of aquatic life and no
apparent signs of anthropologic pollution. Aquatic biota are mainlyinfluenced by tidal river and water scarcity during the dry season. Given
that the most species in this basin are sensitive to water pollution and
engineering disturbance, maintenance of water quality and natural
diversity in the habitat will be useful guideline for the future management
of this river and its tributaries.
[Suggestion] Based on the result of this study, five suggestions are
generated for the future management. Four of the five items are of
immediate feasibility and one is medium-and-long-term planning. Those
includes (1) If construction is being built, try to reduce the disturbance
caused by the construction activity to the habitat. (2) monitoring and
investigating the genera and amount of the invasive species, and remove
them whenever necessary. (3) monitoring the pollutant in the waterbody of
the Gangkou River to prevent water deterioration. (4) try to inhibit the
disturbance caused by recreational behavior and catching (5) explore and
discover new specis in the future study.

辦理單位：嘉南藥理大學

計畫屬性：本處委託辦理

執行年度：109

計畫主持人：黃大駿

中文關鍵字：港口溪、水域生態調查、墾丁國家公園

英文關鍵字：Gangkou River, aquatic survey, Kenting National Park

相關檔案
109 年度港口溪水質及生態資源調查計畫： 109 年度港口溪水質及生態資源調查計畫

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