一、計畫緣起
墾丁國家公園擁有豐富的陸蟹生態資源，然近年發現影響陸蟹生存的黃狂蟻 (Anoplolepis
gracilipes) 已進入陸蟹棲地並形成更具威脅性超級群落，對墾丁陸蟹族群數量造成莫大的影
響。因此，有必要在園區黃狂蟻超級群落嚴重危害陸蟹的地區更積極地執行防治工作，以免
對陸蟹生態造成難以恢復的傷害。本年計畫將針對陸蟹主要熱點區域 (香蕉灣與港口海岸林)
進行較大範圍的餌劑防治施撒作業，以控制黃狂蟻超級族落的族群密度，並監控防治樣區內
黃狂蟻的族群動態，瞭解施灑防治餌劑的防治成效，並評估長期墾丁國家公園內黃狂蟻族群
的防治策略及建議。
二、方法及過程
本年度計畫將對於園區內陸蟹熱點區域香蕉灣和港口海岸林黃狂蟻危害較嚴重的區域均
勻撒佈昆蟲生長調節劑型固體餌劑 (百利普芬與美賜平，兩種已登記於農地與環境使用的螞
蟻生長調節型防治餌劑）和噴灑低毒性硼砂液態餌劑 (2% w/w 硼砂) ；並於香蕉灣和港口的
黃狂蟻族群密集處以進行蟻巢誘引盒防治。
本年度計畫於 110 年度在香蕉灣和港口樣區的黃狂蟻聚集處執行4 次的液態與固態型餌
劑防治作業；並延續109 年度的黃狂蟻誘引盒防治計畫，在香蕉灣設置30 個、港口20 個及
砂島10 個 (無餌劑作業控制對照組)，共60 個人工誘引盒進行黃狂蟻族群蟻巢密度監控，誘
引盒放置位置參考「108 年度墾丁國家公園黃狂蟻防治監測成效評估計畫」所設立的調查樣
點，並於上述三個熱點樣區各香蕉灣設置10 個、港口10 個及砂島5 個液態餌站監測點，於
每個月更換誘引盒並於監測點執行誘集法的螞蟻調查以監控黃狂蟻族群動態變化。
三、重要發現
摘要
VI
於 110 年3 月、5 月、7 月和8 月在的香蕉灣和港口樣區中進行液態餌劑與昆蟲生長調節
劑型餌劑防治，發現香蕉灣樣區誘引盒內的工蟻和蟻后數量在防治作業完成一個月後皆有下
降或成長減緩趨勢，且隔月黃狂蟻的取食密度調查也均有下降的趨勢，且分布範圍較集中，
但這現象於相隔兩個月後則不再出現。顯示餌劑防治對工蟻有明顯的防治效果，但因為整體
環境中的黃狂蟻超落的工蟻仍有一定數量，所以餌劑防治的有效期約為1 個月。但在港口樣
區的黃狂蟻防治成效則較不明顯，只有在6 月的工蟻數量有稍微下降，其餘月分則無影響，
黃狂蟻的取食密度在餌劑防治後有稍微下降的趨勢。
四、主要建議事項
1. 未來仍需要以液態餌劑與昆蟲生長調節劑型餌劑防治作業搭配黃狂蟻誘引盒的防治
模式，以餌劑控制黃狂蟻的工蟻數量，以誘引盒來移除黃狂蟻蟻后。
2. 液態餌劑與昆蟲生長調節劑型餌劑防治頻度增加建議由四次增加為六次，防治面積也
可以增加。
3. 持續每個月誘引盒與餌站監測點以監控黃狂蟻族群動態變化。
計畫類別：[動物生態]
英文摘要：1. Research background
Kenting National Park is housing an extremely high abundance of land crabs. However, in
recent years, it has been reported that the yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) has invaded land
crab habitat and even formed a higher threatening supercolonies which has caused significant impacts
on the land crab populations. Thus, it would be crucial to more actively carried out control program
in those land crab hotspots to preserve the land crab populations. The main objectives of current
project are conducting large-scale baiting program in land crab hotspots (coastal forest of
Hsiangchiaowan and Gangkou) in order to contain the population density of A. gracilipes
supercolonies, monitoring population dynamics of A. gracilipes in treatment plots, understand the
efficacy of bait application, and evaluate the long-term control strategies for the A. gracilipes
populations in Kenting National Park.
2. Research methods
The current project will broadcasting insect growth regulator (IGR) granular bait (i.e.,
pyriproxyfen and methoprene, both have been registered as agricultural and environmental insecticide)
and spraying low toxicity of liquid borax bait (2% w/w borax) at land crab hotspots (i.e., coastal forest
of Hsiangchiaowan and Gangkou), which with high infestation of yellow crazy ants. Besides, current
project will also deploying artificial ant nest (i.e., wooden box) at Hsiangchiaowan and Gangkou
areas, which with high density of yellow crazy ant populations as a management strategy.
Current project has implemented a total of four time baiting operations (i.e., liquid and solidbaits). As a follow-up to last year control program, a total of 60 artificial ant nests were deployed to
monitor the density of yellow crazy ant populations (i.e., Hsiangchiaowan: 30 artificial nests;Gangkou: 20 artificial nests; Shadao: 10 artificial nests as non-treatment plot). The locations of those artificial ant nests were based on the sampling points of “The 2021 project on the evaluation of
management and monitoring strategies to control yellow crazy ants in Kenting National Park”. In
addition, each month a total of 10, 10, and 5 liquid bait station were set up at Hsiangchiaowan,
Gangkou, and Shadao, respectively, as monitoring points. On the other hand, the artificial ant nests
were also replaced with the new ones monthly. Both results of monitoring points and artificial ant
nests will provide us some insight into the population dynamics of yellow crazy ants.
3. Important findings
Application of liquid and insect growth regulator baits were carried out in March, May, July
and August 2011. We have discovered that at Hsiangchiaowan area both the numbers of workers and
queens trapped inside the artificial nests experienced a decline by 1 month after treatment.
Furthermore, the abundance or density of the foraging workers decreased gradually, and their
distribution were also more confined. It is interesting to note that the similar scenario was absent by
2 months after treatment. This indicated that baiting are effective at controlling yellow crazy ants but
its effectiveness was only last for 1 month. On the other hand, the efficacy of bait treatment of yellow
crazy ants was less obvious at Gangkou area, the numbers of ant workers decreased slightly during
June but not on other months. Nevertheless, the abundance or density of the foraging ants decreased
slightly after bait application.
4. Main suggestion
1. In future, it will still be necessary to complement bait treatment (i.e., liquid borax bait and
insect growth regulator bait) with deployment of artificial ant nests as management strategies
of yellow crazy ant. Baiting is used for controlling the numbers of ant workers, whereas
artificial ant nest is used for removing the ant queens.
2. It is recommended to increase the application frequency of both liquid bait and insect growth
regulator bait from four times to six times, and the treating areas can also be increased as well.
3. Continuously deploying the artificial ant nests and liquid bait stations (i.e., as monitoring
points) monthly to monitor the population dynamics of yellow crazy ant.
辦理單位：國立彰化師範大學
計畫屬性：本處委託辦理
執行年度：110
計畫主持人：林宗岐
中文關鍵字：長腳捷蟻、黃狂蟻、陸蟹、外來種、超級群落
英文關鍵字：Anoplolepis gracilipes, yellow crazy ant, land crab, invasive species, supercolonies