110外來種魚類移除計畫

一、計畫緣起
龍鑾潭是內政部公告的國家級國家重要濕地，近年魚類調查資料
顯示外來種比例明顯增加，而原生種已明顯逐年減少。因此，為減少
龍鑾潭掠食性外來種魚類種類與數量，以降低對於原生種魚類及生物
多樣性之危害，而進行外來種魚類移除計畫。
二、研究方法與過程
本研究於龍鑾潭，利用路亞釣捕、長沉籠及電氣捕捉法等方式針
對線鱧(Channa striata)、斑駁尖塘鱧(Oxyeleotris marmorata)、紅鰭鮊
(Chanodichthys erythropterus)、尼羅口孵非鯽(Oreochromis niloticus)、
吉利慈鯛(Coptodon zillii)及絲鰭毛足鬥魚(Trichogaster trichopterus)等
外來種魚類進行移除。移除過程中，記錄捕獲之魚種、重量及全長等
資料，並利用該資料，提出外來種魚類移除管理建議。
三、計畫成果
本計劃於 4 月2 日至7 月4 日，經路亞釣法、長沉籠及電魚器採
捕等方式進行四次外來種魚類移除，調查期間共66 人次參與，共計
捕獲2,451 隻魚類，其中外來種1,830 隻，原生種621 隻—主要目標
外來種魚類線鱧及斑駁尖塘鱧本年度分別移除501 隻及119 隻。今年
採捕過程中魚類總死亡率為13.5%，其中長沉籠採捕方式死亡率
(32.8%)最高，其次為電氣採捕(9.2%)，路亞釣捕對採捕物種死亡率最
小的採捕方式。不同調查方式中路亞釣法主要捕獲線鱧、吉利慈鯛及
紅鰭鮊較多；電氣採捕法則以絲鰭毛足鬥魚、吉利慈鯛、線鱧及條
捕獲較多；長沉籠則以條、絲鰭毛足鬥魚、紅鰭鮊、斑駁尖塘鱧及
臺灣石鮒捕獲較多。爾後持續以路亞釣捕及長沉籠，再配合電氣採捕
法共同進行時，應該可以同時捕獲不同時期的線鱧及斑駁尖塘鱧等外
來魚種，並且可以更有效抑制目標族群增加。
四、建議事項
本研究結果顯示，外來種移除工作已有明顯的成效。因此建議，
應持續利用路亞釣捕、長沉籠及電氣採捕法共同進行外來種魚類移除
的工作。此外，減少民眾進行放生或放養的行為的環境教育工作也應
持續。

計畫類別：[環境水文] [動物生態]

英文摘要：[Introduction] In Taiwan, the Longluan Lake in the Ken-ting National
Park has long been recognized as an important habitat for overwintering
birds. Previous studies have shown that more alien invasive fishes have
currently been recorded than native fishes in the Lake. Due to its strong
environmental adaptability and carnivorous diet, these alien fishes have
caused significant negative impacts on the biodiversity of native fishes and
aquatic organisms in the Longluan Lake.
[Materials and Methods] To protect the aquatic organisms in the
Longluan Lake, this study selected lure fishing, fyke nets and electrofishing
to eradicate alien invasive fishes — including Channa striata,
Oxyeleotris marmorata, Oreochromis niloticus niloticus, Coptodon zillii,
and Trichogaster trichopterus.
[Results and Discussion] A totality of 2,451 individuals was collected by
4 eradication trips in the Longluan Lake from April to June 2021. Among
them, 1,830 alien invasive fishes and 621 native fishes were captured. Our
results showed the voule of total mortaily rata of fish was 13.5% in this
year, of which the mortaily rata of fish in lure fishing, fyke nets and electrofishing
were <1%, 32.8%, and 9.2%, respectively in different fish methods.
Moreover, the captured size of C. striata and O. marmorata by the electrofishing
method are smaller individuals that are mostly habited in areas
where luya fishing and fyke nets are difficult to capture in the marsh.
Therefore, if lure fishing and fyke nets methods are used together with
electro-fishing method, it should be possible to simultaneously capture C.
striata and O. marmorata from different periods and regions, and will more
effectively restrain their fish population size in the Longluan Lake.
[Suggestion] We suggested that it is essential to continue the projects to
eradicate the alien fishes from the Longluan Lake and to educate the
community members on the prevention, eradication and management of
invasive alien fishes.

辦理單位：嘉南藥理大學

計畫屬性：本處委託辦理

執行年度：110

計畫主持人：黃大駿、梁世雄、邱郁文、左承偉

中文關鍵字：龍鑾潭、外來種魚類、外來種移除

英文關鍵字：Longluan Lake, alien fishes, invasive species, eradication of alien specie

相關檔案
110龍鑾潭外來魚類移除期末報告完f含頁眉： 110龍鑾潭外來魚類移除期末報告完f含頁眉

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