106年度墾丁國家公園龍鑾潭重要濕地(國家級)外來種魚類移除計畫

一、計畫緣起
龍鑾潭是內政部公告的國家級國家重要濕地，近年魚類調查資料顯示外來種比例明顯增加，其原生種已明顯逐年減少。因此，為降低龍鑾潭內掠食性外來種魚類數，以減少原生種魚類及生物多樣性之危害進行外來種魚類移除計畫。
二、研究方法與過程
本研究於龍鑾潭中利用延繩釣、路亞釣法及長沉籠等方式針對線鱧(Channa striata)、斑駁尖塘鱧(Oxyeleotris marmorata)、尼羅口孵非鯽(Oreochromis niloticus niloticus)、吉利非鯽(Tilapia zillii)及三星毛足鱸(Trichogaster trichopterus)等外來種魚類進行移除。移除過程中記錄捕獲之魚種、重量及體長等資料，並利用該資料作為外來種魚類移除管理建議之基本資料。並將移除方式及經驗辦理外來種魚類移除教育訓練課程，教導社區民眾及管理單位進行外來種魚類移除。
三、重要發現
本計劃於7月19日至9月21日進行四次外來種魚類移除。調查期間共56人次參與，共計捕獲魚隻670尾，其中外來種魚類359隻，原生魚種311隻。除目標外來物種外亦捕獲其它非目標外來種—雙邊魚(Parambassis sp.)。
各外種移除部分：線鱧建議應用路亞釣法及延繩釣為其主要的移除方式，移除地點及時間應選擇天然棲地及乾水期時有較好的捕獲數量；斑駁尖塘鱧建議應用長沉籠為主要的移除方式，並選擇人工棲地處進行移除；吉利非鯽與尼羅口孵非鯽本計劃調查後各樣區的數量並無差異，若要移除建議選擇龍鑾潭水位較低時有較好的效率，天然棲地應以路亞釣法為主，人工棲地則以長沉籠為主要移除方式；三星毛足鱸建議於乾水期並應用長沉籠進行移除。

計畫類別：[動物生態]

英文摘要：[Introduction] In Taiwan, theLongluan Lake in the Ken-ting National Tropical Forest has long been recognized as an important habitat for overwinter birds. Previous studies have shown that more alien invasive fishes are having been recorded than the native fishes in the Lake. Due to its strong environmental adaptability and carnivorous diet,this alien fish has caused great negative impacts on the biodiversity of native fishes and aquatic organisms in Longluan Lake.
[Materials and Methods] To protect the aquatic ecosystems, this study selected lure fishing, longline fishing and fyke nets to eradicate alien invasive fish—such as Channa striata, Oxyeleotris marmorata, Oreochromis niloticus niloticus, Tilapia zillii and Trichogaster trichopterus. Additionally, an "Alien Species Fish EradicatTeaching Workshop" will be held to educate the community members on the preventation, eradication, and management of invasive alien fishes. At present, we finished the fieldwork for eradicating invasive fishes, however, the workshop and the data analysis on the eradication efficiency of alien invasive fishes will be completed after finished the midterm report.
[Results and Discussion] A totality of 670 individuals was collected by 4 readucation trips in the Longluan Lake from June to September 2017. Among them, 359 alien invasive fishes and 311 native fishes were captured. Our results show that the methods of lure fishing and longline fishing displayed effectively incatchingC. striata in natural habitat; the method of fyke nets showed meritoriously in collecting O.marmorata and T. trichopterus.The collecting mthods used in this study express similar catchability in catchingOreochromis niloticus niloticus and Tilapia zilliiduring dry-period of Longluan Lake. Based on the preliminary result, reeducation of invasive fishes is suggested to conduct in the period of lower water level of Longluan Lake. Lure fishing was recommended to be used in natural habitat, while fyke net was fit for the artificially modified environment. To catch T. trichopterus, fyke net in dry season with lower water level is suggested.

辦理單位：嘉南藥理大學

計畫屬性：本處委託辦理

執行年度：106

計畫主持人：黃大駿

中文關鍵字：龍鑾潭、外來種魚類、外來種移除

英文關鍵字：Longluan Lake, alien fishes, invasive species, eradication of invasive species

相關檔案
龍鑾潭外來魚類移除期末報告0124：龍鑾潭外來魚類移除期末報告0124

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